Citizens or Servants?
Topic: Decline of the West
There are some superficially plausible arguments in favor of national service: the idea that all young Americans should, upon reaching the age of eighteen, render a year of service to the nation. Writing today in the Washington Post, retired US Army general Stanley McChrystal lays out the case:
[T]oday I’m calling on voters, donors and future candidates to work together to make a “service year” a common expectation and opportunity for all 18- to 28-year-old Americans. This would be an American version of universal national service—appropriately voluntary but socially expected. Through such service, young Americans from different income levels, races, ethnicities, political affiliations and religious beliefs could learn to work together to get things done. Such a project should be a defining issue of the 2016 election.
McChrystal envisions a system in which military service would be one option among many: public works, healthcare, education, etc. In this way, he thinks, the sense of shared service that earlier generations enjoyed thanks to the military draft could be resurrected. Note that he also terms it a “common expectation” rather than a mandatory demand—a distinction, I fear, without much of a difference.
There are many objections to such a scheme, of which its enormous potential cost is only the most obvious. As the Obamacare debacle has reminded us afresh, a big government program is a teeming womb of incompetence, inefficiency, waste, corruption, rent seeking, etc., etc. It’s all too easy, for instance, to envision the wire-pulling that would go on to ensure that this senator’s daughter or that CEO’s son lands some plum assignment. But these, to me, are secondary objections. Musing over General McChrystal’s plea for national service I ask myself: Is this not un-American?
Supporters of national service appeal to history in the form of the military draft, the Peace Corps, AmeriCorps and, going farther back, to New Deal-era programs like the WPA. There are other historical examples, though: the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD, i.e. National Labor Service) of National Socialist Germany and its counterparts in other totalitarian/authoritarian regimes. Now of course the various proposals for a US national service program have little in common with the paramilitary RAD. But in one respect, I fear, they’d replicate an RAD function: political indoctrination.
It’s obvious that such an enormous program could not be directly administered by the federal or state governments. Inevitably, large parts of it would have to be run under contract. And it’s all too easy to imagine the kinds of contractors who’d line up for a piece of the national service pie. The National Immigration Law Center, anybody? Or how about Human Rights Watch? And then there’s the Rainforest Action Network. Or why not conservative nonprofits like The Heritage Foundation and Hospice Patient Alliance? Advocates of national service would no doubt say that partisan politics would be rigorously excluded from the program, but as a practical matter this would be impossible to enforce. The temptation to propagandize a captive audience of conscripted young people would be irresistible.
Finally, there’s the essential question: What does it mean to be a free American citizen? From the founding of the United States of America down to the present day the principle of compulsory service has been considered obnoxious, to be tolerated only in circumstances of grave national peril. At the end of the Vietnam War, America abolished the military draft without regret. The experience we’ve acquired since then shows that America is much better served by armed forces composed of true volunteers. And the same, I believe, would prove true for any form of national service.
General McChrystal rightly notes that the military draft fostered a sense of shared service. But this was a byproduct of the system, not its objective. Those of us who served, willingly or not, in the draft-era military knew that we hadn’t been summoned to the colors for the purpose of making us better citizens. There were borders to guard, allies to support, wars to fight. But his argument for national service puts social engineering ahead of the tangible benefits he cites. And that kind of nation-building is, I submit, profoundly un-American.
Let the opportunities for voluntary service be multiplied. Let those young people who freely volunteer to serve their nation or their communities in any capacity be honored as we honor the members of our military. But please—no comprehensive national service program, even if “socially expected” rather than overtly compulsory. As free citizens, we have no business forcing such a civics lesson on fellow citizens, just because they’re young.
Posted by tmg110
at 11:10 AM EST